Title Case Converter
Convert text to AP, Chicago, APA, MLA, sentence case, ALL CAPS, or all lowercase — in real time.
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Style Comparison
When to Use Each Title Case Style
| Style | Commonly Used In | Key Rule |
|---|---|---|
| AP Style | Journalism, news, press releases | Capitalize words 4+ letters; lowercase short prepositions, conjunctions, articles |
| Chicago Style | Books, academic publications, blogs | Capitalize all "major" words; lowercase articles, conjunctions, prepositions under 5 letters |
| APA Style | Psychology, social sciences, research papers | Title case for headings; sentence case for running text titles. Capitalize first word after colon. |
| MLA Style | Humanities, literature, liberal arts | Similar to Chicago; capitalize all major words; lowercase coordinating conjunctions and articles |
| Sentence Case | Emails, general web copy, casual writing | Capitalize only the first word and proper nouns |
| ALL CAPS | Logos, signage, emphasis | Every letter uppercase — use sparingly to avoid feeling like shouting |
| all lowercase | Brand names, social media, poetry | Every letter lowercase — used stylistically by many modern brands |
AP vs. Chicago: The Common Confusion
Both AP and Chicago capitalize the first and last words of a title. The main difference is threshold: AP capitalizes words with 4 or more letters, while Chicago focuses on grammatical class — capitalizing nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs regardless of length, but lowercasing coordinating conjunctions (and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet), articles (a, an, the), and short prepositions (at, by, in, of, on, to, up).
In practice, the two styles produce identical results for most titles. The edge cases where they differ involve short verbs ("Is", "Be", "Are" — always capitalize in both), and words like "with" (5 letters, capitalized by both) vs. "from" (4 letters, capitalized in AP but lowercase in Chicago as a preposition).